Demand Side Management: Demand Response, Intelligent Energy Systems, and Smart Loads

Abstract—Energy management means to optimize one of the most complex and important technical creations that we know: the energy system. While there is plenty of experience in optimizing energy generation and distribution, it is the demand side that receives increasing attention by research and industry. Demand Side Management (DSM) is a portfolio of measures to improve the energy system at the side of consumption. It ranges from improving energy efficiency by using better materials, over smart energy tariffs with incentives for certain consumption patterns, up to sophisticated real-time control of distributed energy resources. This paper gives an overview and a taxonomy for DSM, analyzes the various types of DSM, and gives an outlook on the latest demonstration projects in this domain. Index Terms—Building automation, demand response, demand side management (DSM), energy efficiency, energy management, IEC 61850, load management, peak shaving, smart grids. I