Catalyst

crea irec ac tho ndi ing the transesterification reaction are the molar ratio of alcohol to vegetable oil and the reaction tem-il fuels nd the ive [1]. certai cle engines. Biodiesel, as an alternative fuel for internal combus-tion engines, is defined as a mixture of monoalkyl esters of long chain fatty acids (FAME) derived from a renewable lipid feedstock, such as vegetable oil or animal fat. Biodiesel typically comprises al-kyl fatty acid (chain length C14–C22) esters of short-chain alcohols, primarily, methanol or ethanol. Biodiesel is the best candidate for diesel fuels in diesel engines. Biodiesel is now mainly being agriculture, economic development, and the environment [5]. Bio-diesel methyl esters improve the lubrication properties of the die-sel fuel blend. Biodiesel reduced long term engine wear in diesel engines. Biodiesel is a good lubricant (about 66 % better than petrodiesel) [6]. Petroleum and diesel come in the category of non-renewable fuel and will last for a limited period of time. These non-renewable fuels also emit pollutants in the form of oxides of nitrogen, oxides of sulfur, oxides of carbon, lead, hydrocarbons, etc. Criteria pollu-tant emissions from biodiesel blends are now becoming a relevant subject due to the increase in consumption of this renewable fue