Effective Emergency Management 131

Collaboration is a necessary foundation for dealing with both natural and technological hazards and disasters and the consequences of terrorism. Th is analysis describes the structure of the American emergency management system, the charts development of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and identifi es confl icts arising from the creation of the Department of Homeland Security and the attempt to impose a command and control system on a very collaborative organizational culture in a very collaborative sociopolitical and legal context. Th e importance of collaboration is stressed, and recommen-dations are off ered on how to improve the amount and value of collaborative activities. New leadership strategies are recommended that derive their power from eff ective strategies and the transformational power of a compel