The Clustergram: A Graph for Visualizing Hierarchical and non-Hierarchical Cluster Analyses

Abstract. In hierarchical cluster analysis, dendrograms are used to visualize how clusters are formed. I propose an alternative graph called a “clustergram ” to examine how cluster members are assigned to clusters as the number of clusters increases. This graph is useful in exploratory analysis for nonhierarchical clus-tering algorithms such as k-means and for hierarchical cluster algorithms when the number of observations is large enough to make dendrograms impractical. I present the Stata code and give two examples