Nature and Science 2010;8(11) A Review on Pongamia Pinnata (L.) Pierre: A Great Versatile

Abstract: Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre [family: Leguminosae] is a medium –sized glabrous tree popularly known as Karanja in Hindi, Indian beech in English and Pongam in Tamil. It is adaptable tree for tropical and sub-tropical regions which requires excellent drainage and a sunny location. It grows easily from seed. Historically, this plant has long been used in India and neighboring regions as a source of traditional medicines, animal fodder, green manure, timber, fish poison and fuel. Extract of the plant possess significant anti-diarrhoeal, anti-fungal, anti-plasmodial, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Its oil is a source of biodiesel. It has also alternative source of energy, which is renewable, safe and non-pollutant. This article briefly reviews the botany, distribution, ecology, uses of the plant and as a source of biodiesel. This is an attempt to compile and document information on different aspect of Pongamia pinnata and its potential use as a source of biodiesel