REVIEW A REVIEW OF PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS AND CHRONIC DISEASE FOR 4TH WORLD INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND AFRICAN AMERICANS

Public health literature indicates that psy-chosocial stress is an important contributor to chronic disease development. However, there is scant research on the health effects of stress for minority groups, who suffer from a high burden of chronic disease. This paper provides a review of studies that examine the relation-ship between psychosocial stress and chronic disease for 4th world indigenous groups and African Americans. A total of 50 associational and 15 interven-tion studies fit the inclusion criteria for this review. A range of chronic diseases, as well as harmful health behaviors, were associated with psychosocial stress for indigenous peoples and African Americans, with much stronger findings for mental rather than physical health out-comes. Several stress moderating factors were also identified and a small body of intervention research suggests that transcendental medita-tion and group-oriented stress management may be effective in reducing psychosocial stress and its effects for African Americans and 4th world indigenous groups respectively