Components of nodal prices for electric power systems. IEEE Trans Power Systems. 2002; 17:41–9. Biography of Authors T. Nireekshana obtained her B.Tech and M.Tech from JNT University in 2002 and 2005 respectively. She is Assistant professor in EEE, VNR VJ

Abstract—We present a method to provide a detailed descrip-tion of each nodal price, by breaking down each nodal price into a variety of parts corresponding to the concerned factors, such as generations, transmission congestion, voltage limitations and other constraints or elements. This full information for nodal prices can be used not only to improve the efficient usage of power grid and congestion management, but also to design a reasonable pricing structure of power systems, or to provide economic signals for gen-eration or transmission investment. Several numerical examples demonstrate this approach. Index Terms—Active set, congestion, decomposition, deregula-tion, marginal cost, nodal price, optimal power flow. I