Selenium Supplementation Restores the Antioxidative Capacity and Prevents Cell Damage in Bone Marrow Stromal Cells In Vitro

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and other cell popula-tions derived from mesenchymal precursors are developed for cell-based therapeutic strategies and undergo cellular stress during ex vivo procedures. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) of cellular and environmental origin are involved in redox signaling, cumulative cell damage, senescence, and tumor development. Selenium-dependent (glutathione per-oxidases [GPxs] and thioredoxin reductases [TrxRs]) and selenium-independent (superoxide dismutases [SODs] and catalase [CAT]) enzyme systems regulate cellular ROS steady state levels. SODs process superoxide anion to hydro-gen peroxide, which is subsequently neutralized by GPx and CAT; TrxR neutralizes other ROS, such as peroxinitrite. Primary BMSCs and telomerase-immortalized human mes