Preface

in a unique commitment to eradicate poverty and hunger as well as to set the world development on an environmentally sustainable pathway. On the other hand, in the beginning of the 21st century, when so much has been achieved in terms of scientific and technological development, basic sanitation is still one of the most worldwide serious concerns. According to the Swedish Environmental Institute, by the end of 2004, 2.6 billion of people were still suffering of lack of sanitation. To reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDG´s) in 2015, about 95,000 households per day need to be provided with sanitation services. According to Bellagio, (2000) current waste management policies and practices are abusive to human well-being, economically unaffordable and environmentally unsustainable, based mostly on conventional water closet (WC) toilets as well as centralized wastewater treatment systems. It means that a significant pressure over water resources occur due to high quantities of high quality water required for flushing. Besides, large quantities of non treated wastewater are being discharged into the water bodies causing pollution, ecological impacts, human diseases and eutrophication as well. Therefore