How do trees die? Mode of death in northern Amazonia

Question: How do trees die in high-mortality and low-mortality Amazonian forest regions? Why do trees die in different ways? Location:Humid, lowland forests in Amazonian Peru and Venezuela. Methods: Patterns of multiple treefall and mode of death (standing, broken or uprooted) were recorded for trees 10 cm in diameter in permanent plots. Logistic regres-sion was used to relate mode of death to tree diameter, relative growth rate and wood density. Results: Frequency of multiple death events was higher in high-mortality northwestern (NW) than in low-mortality northeastern (NE) Amazonia, but these events were small, averaging two trees killed per multiple death event. Break